Open knowledge
Open knowledge is knowledge that one is free to use, reuse, and redistribute without legal, social or technological restriction.[1] Open knowledge is a set of principles and methodologies related to the production and distribution of knowledge works in an open manner. Knowledge is interpreted broadly to include data, content and general information.
The concept is related to open source and the Open Knowledge Definition is directly derived from the Open Source Definition. Open knowledge can be seen as being a superset of open data, open content and libre open access with the aim of highlighting the commonalities between these different groups.
Contents
History[edit]
Early history[edit]
Similarly to other 'open' concepts such as open data and open content, though the term is rather new, the concept is old. For example, one of the earliest printed texts of which we have record is a copy of the Buddhist Diamond sutra produced in China around 868 AD, and in it can be found the dedication: "for universal free distribution".[2]
Twentieth century[edit]
In the early twentieth century a debate about intellectual property rights developed within the German Social Democratic Party. A key contributor was Karl Kautsky who in 1902 devoted a section of a pamphlet to "Intellectual Production" which he distinguished from material production:
- "Communism in material production, anarchy in the intellectual that is the type of a Socialist mode of production,as it will develop from the rule of the proletariat—in other words, from the Social Revolution through the logic of economic facts, whatever might be: the wishes, intentions, and theories of the proletariat."[3]:40
This view was based on an analysis according to which Karl Marx's Law of value only affected material production, not intellectual production.
Organisations and activities promoting open knowledge[edit]
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This section does not cite any sources. (May 2015) |
- Alliance for Taxpayer Access (ATA)
- Enabling Open Scholarship (EOS)
- Open Knowledge
- Open Source Geodata
- OpenStreetMap
- Scholarly Publishing and Academic Resources Coalition (SPARC)
- Science Commons
- Talis Group
See also[edit]
- Access to knowledge movement
- Libre/free knowledge
- List of open-access journals
- Knowledge commons
- Definition of Free Cultural Works
- Business Intelligence 2.0 (BI 2.0)
References[edit]
- ^ Open Definition | opendefinition.org
- ^ The Value of the Public Domain
- ^ Kautsky, Karl (1903). The Social Revolution and, On the Morrow of the Social Revolution. London: Twentieth Century Press.
External links[edit]
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